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CIS 527

Lecture 2 - OS Installation & Configuration

Early Computers

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Resident Monitor

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Early OS - OS/360

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Unix

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PC Operating Systems


Image Source: Wikipedia and Wikipedia

Microsoft Windows

  • Originally released in 1985
  • Started as an extension of MS-DOS
  • Windows 95 hit it BIG (57% market share in 1998)
  • Windows 7 most popular operating system today (47%)
  • Windows has 90% global market share (all versions)

OS X

  • Based on BSD version of Unix and developments at NeXT
  • Originally released in 2001
  • Uses an open-source core called Darwin
  • 10.5 and later versions have Unix 03 certification (comply with the Unix standard)

GNU/Linux

  • Developed by Linus Torvalds in 1991
  • Open source replacement for Unix
  • GNU refers to the entire OS, Linux refers primarily to the core
  • Linux runs on many platforms
  • < 2% market share on desktops,
    79% on mobile devices (Android)
  • 95% of top 500 supercomputers

Virtualization

  • Computer program that acts like generic hardware
  • Allows one (or more) operating systems to run within a host OS
  • Takes advantage of more powerful hardware
  • 10:1 ratio of virtual machines to hardware common

Architecture

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Kernel

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OS Components

  • Graphical User Interface (GUI)
    • Run program
    • Manage system settings
    • Interact wtih devices
  • Command Line Interface (CLI)
  • Program Management

OS Types

  • Real Time
  • Multi-user
  • Mutli-tasking
  • Single-tasking
  • Distributed
  • Embedded

OS Features

  • Process Management
  • Memory Management
  • Virtual Memory
  • Multitasking
  • File Systems
  • Device Drivers
  • Network Interfaces

Installation

  1. Partition the disk
  2. Copy installation files
  3. Extract & install
  4. Configure basic settings
  5. Reboot

VMWare Workstation

Disks

  • Disks are separated into partitions
  • Partitions contain a file system
  • Operating systems are installed to a single partition
  • Other partitions may be used for storage, virtual memory

Initial Configuration

  • Disk Partitions - single 60GB
  • Computer Name - CIS527<W,L>_<your_eID> (ex: CIS527W_russfeld)
  • Initial User - cis527
  • Virtual Memory - defaults

Assignments

  • Lab 1 - Secure Workstations - Due Sunday, Feb 9th by 11:59 PM
  • Build secure Windows & Linux using VMWare Workstation
  • Turn in:
    • CIS Transient Storage
    • via Storage Media in class Monday Feb 10th