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CIS 225

Service & Process Management

What is a Service?

Services

  • Programs that run in the background on an operating system
  • Performs many important functions automatically
  • Consumes system resources

Services Management

Service Properties

Startup Types

  • Automatic - Starts at system boot
  • Automatic (Delayed) - Starts shortly after system boot
  • Manual - Starts only when needed
  • Disabled - Will not start/run at all

Windows 10 Pseudo Accounts

  • LocalSystem - system-level tasks & services
  • LocalService - fewer rights than LocalSystem
  • NetworkService - fewer rights than LocalService, but allows network access

Services Recovery

Recovery Options

  • Take No Action
  • Restart the Service
  • Run a Program
  • Restart the Computer

Important Services

  • Computer Browser - Network file sharing
  • DHCP Client & DNS Client - Network addressing
  • Microsoft Antimalware Service
  • Performance Logs & Alerts
  • Print Spooler
  • Windows Update

Service Host Process

  • svchost.exe
  • Process that runs a number of system services
  • Helps conserve system resources (1 process instead of many)
  • Targeted by malware & viruses

Linux Services - daemons

  • Daemons run as background processes in Linux
  • Usually started by the init process at boot
  • Managed by systemd on most distros
  • Process names typically end in 'd'

Starting Linux Services - init

  • The init process is loaded first
  • It then loads the services for a particular runlevel
  • See /etc/init.d/ and /etc/rc*.d/ directories

Starting Linux Services - Upstart

  • Currently in use in Ubuntu 14.04
  • Allows services to be started based on events
  • "greedy" loading
  • Can monitor and restart services
  • Very similar to Windows Service Management

Starting Linux Services - Systemd

  • Implemented in Ubuntu 15.04+
  • "lazy" loading
  • Can monitor and restart services
  • Very similar to Windows Service Management

Linux Daemon Commands

  • init
    • sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 start
    • start, stop, reload, restart, status
  • Upstart
    • sudo service ufw start
    • start, stop, status

Linux Daemon Commands

  • Systemd
    • sudo systemctl start ufw
    • start, stop, reload, status

What is a Process?

Processes

  • Computer program being executed
  • May contain multiple threads of execution
  • Consumes resources such as memory & processing time

Task Manager

Process Information

  • PID - Process ID
  • Memory Usage
  • Description
  • Image Path
  • Command Line
  • Ports - Network Socket Ports

Ubuntu System Monitor

Ubuntu Processes - top

Assignments

  • EXAM 1 - 9/30 During Class
  • Lab 4 - Services, Processes & Software
    Due 9/26 11:30 AM Before Lecture!!