CIS 225
Service & Process Management
What is a Service?
Services
- Programs that run in the background on an operating system
- Performs many important functions automatically
- Consumes system resources
Services Management
Service Properties
Startup Types
- Automatic - Starts at system boot
- Automatic (Delayed) - Starts shortly after system boot
- Manual - Starts only when needed
- Disabled - Will not start/run at all
Windows 10 Pseudo Accounts
- LocalSystem - system-level tasks & services
- LocalService - fewer rights than LocalSystem
- NetworkService - fewer rights than LocalService, but allows network access
Services Recovery
Recovery Options
- Take No Action
- Restart the Service
- Run a Program
- Restart the Computer
Important Services
- Computer Browser - Network file sharing
- DHCP Client & DNS Client - Network addressing
- Microsoft Antimalware Service
- Performance Logs & Alerts
- Print Spooler
- Windows Update
Service Host Process
- svchost.exe
- Process that runs a number of system services
- Helps conserve system resources (1 process instead of many)
- Targeted by malware & viruses
Linux Services - daemons
- Daemons run as background processes in Linux
- Usually started by the init process at boot
- Managed by systemd on most distros
- Process names typically end in 'd'
Starting Linux Services - init
- The init process is loaded first
- It then loads the services for a particular runlevel
- See /etc/init.d/ and /etc/rc*.d/ directories
Starting Linux Services - Upstart
- Currently in use in Ubuntu 14.04
- Allows services to be started based on events
- "greedy" loading
- Can monitor and restart services
- Very similar to Windows Service Management
Starting Linux Services - Systemd
- Implemented in Ubuntu 15.04+
- "lazy" loading
- Can monitor and restart services
- Very similar to Windows Service Management
Linux Daemon Commands
- init
- sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 start
- start, stop, reload, restart, status
- Upstart
- sudo service ufw start
- start, stop, status
Linux Daemon Commands
- Systemd
- sudo systemctl start ufw
- start, stop, reload, status
What is a Process?
Processes
- Computer program being executed
- May contain multiple threads of execution
- Consumes resources such as memory & processing time
Task Manager
Process Information
- PID - Process ID
- Memory Usage - Process ID
- Description - Process ID
- Image Path - Process ID
- Command Line - Process ID
- Ports - Network Socket Ports
Ubuntu System Monitor
Ubuntu Processes - top
Reading
Assignments
- Lab 3 - User Accounts & File Systems
Due 9/23 11:30 AM Before Lecture!! - EXAM 1 - 9/30 During Class
- Lab 4 - Services, Processes & Software
Due 10/5 11:30 AM Before Lecture!!